Top 25 Questions asked in a Manual Software Testing Interview
Software testing is a very important phase of a Software development Lifecycle. You cannot release a Software product without its testing. Although Automation testing has taken over Manual testing, there are still some organizations that prefer the latter. It is more affordable in terms of time and money. Here is a list of questions that are asked to an aspiring Manual Testing Engineer in an Interview.
- How would you define Software Testing and its uses?
Software Testing is a phase that comes before release in a Software Development Lifecycle. In this phase, you check if the designed Software is performing its designated functionalities or not. It also determines the bugs, errors, and defects in a Software product. You can not launch a Software product in a market without testing. If the users encounter these bugs and errors, it may ruin the user experience, and your product may be vulnerable to attacks. Some uses of Software testing are:
- Ensures the proper functionality of a product.
- It helps you to make your product bug free and thus maintain its quality.
- Software testing in advance encourages low maintenance later.
- Influences Software’s usability and productivity.
- Give us a brief idea about SDLC?
SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It includes all the stages that a Software undergoes during development. It incorporates:
- Requirement gathering,
- Feasibility,
- Planning,
- Designing,
- Development,
- Testing,
- Deployment, and
- Maintenance
- How does Manual Software Testing differ from Automation Software Testing?
Automation testing is a process of testing that is done using tools, scripts, and Software. A predefined procedure is followed by the machines to test, whereas Manual Testing is all about Human skills. Manual testing is a testing technique where you manually perform the tests checking the functionality of the product.
- Mention the types of Manual Software Testing.
There are different types of Manual Testing which can be listed below:
- Black Box Testing
- White Box Testing
- Integration Testing
- Unit Testing
- System Testing
- User Acceptance Testing (UAT)
- What and why do you think it is better, Manual Software Testing or Automation Software Testing.
Although Automation Testing has seen a markable rise lately, Manual Testing is better, as Automation Testing uses tools designed by humans so it can not think of more test cases compared to a human mind. Manual testing is more reliable as it works in all the scenarios. Manual testing will be more efficient for a small software product as it will save time as well as money that will be invested in automation tools. Manual testing is best when the approach is not defined. It works on the insights of the tester.
- Compare Black Box testing and White Box testing.
Black-box testing is the testing where the tester is not aware of the internal architecture or code structure. The tester tests the functionality on the front end without having an idea of the Code. The techniques are:
- Equivalence Partitioning
- Boundary value analysis
- Cause-effect graphing
In White-Box testing, the tester is well-acquainted with the internal architecture and its code structure. The techniques are:
- Statement Coverage
- Decision Coverage
- How will you differentiate between Alpha testing and Beta testing?
Ans- Alpha testing is performed by the organization’s testers, whereas the real group of users performs beta testing before releasing the final product. Alpha testing is done internally in the developer’s presence, unlike Beta testing, which is done in the developer’s user and absence.
- What is a Use Case, and how does it differ from a Test Case?
Ans- A Use Case defines how a system is supposed to behave after following a particular set of instructions. In contrast, a Test Case defines how a system behaves after following a particular set of instructions. Use cases are composed of requirements, while Test cases are composed of Use cases.
- What is the difference between Quality Control and Quality Assurance?
Ans- Quality Control is a process to ensure that the product meets the requirements of the client, and it is defect-free, while Quality Assurance is the process to ensure that the methods and techniques used are applied correctly to make the product bug-free and error-free.
- What are the different levels of testing?
Ans- Manual Software Testing involves four phases:
- Unit testing – It tests a unit that is the smallest piece of Code in the Software. It usually tests an independent feature or functionality.
- Integration Testing – It tests the combination of many units and checks if the integrated result is working seamlessly.
- System Testing – It tests the entire Software product as a system that includes all the components to check if the product meets the specified requirements. There are many types of system testing, like usability testing, regression testing, and functional testing.
- User Acceptance Testing – This is the final level of testing in which the entire product is micro matched with the specified requirements. It is the final model and will be presented to the users in the same way.
- Define testbed.
Ans- A testbed is an entire environment that is utilized to test an application. It includes both the Hardware along with the Software that is called for running the application.
- What is Regression Testing?
Ans-Regression testing verifies that a previously working functionality is still working fine even after making some code modifications. It ensures that making changes in the Code didn’t result in the malfunctioning of some features.
- Define Sanity testing.
Ans- Sanity testing can be defined as a testing technique executed when a software build is received after making some trivial alterations in the Code or functionality in order to fix the bugs, and no further concerns are introduced due to these modifications.
- How do Sanity and Smoke testing differ from each other?
Ans- Smoke testing is a testing that intends to verify that the build is working fine during the execution. On the other hand, Sanity testing is testing that intends to verify the modifications made for the bug fixes didn’t affect the existing functionality.
- How is verification different from validation?
Ans- Verification assesses the Software during the development phase, ensuring that the product satisfies the standard requirements. In contrast, validation assesses the Software after the development phase, ensuring that the product satisfies the customer’s requirements.
- Define a Project Life Cycle.
Ans- A Project Lifecycle is a succession of phases that a project undergoes throughout its development. It embodies the following phases:
- Initiation Phase: When the Project begins. It is the process where the vision and mission of the project are decided.
- Planning Phase: When the requirements of the project are prepared. It is the process where a strategy is decided that will be followed during the project development.
- Execution Phase: When the project is developed. It is the process of executing the strategy that was planned in the previous phase.
- Termination Phase: When the project is finished. It is a process that marks the formal termination of the project.
- How do Build and Release differ?
Ans- A build can be defined as the developed application provided to the developers’ testing team. It can accommodate fixes, modifications, and changes, whereas a Release can be defined as a final version of the developed application which can be released to the users. It can only accommodate upgrades via new versions.
- Define a Bug Life cycle.
Ans- A Bug Lifecycle can be defined as a sequence of phases that a bug undergoes from its fixation encounter. It includes the following stages:
- New
- Assigned
- Open
- Fixed
- Retest
- Reopened
- Deferred
- Rejected
- Duplicate
- Closed
- Not a bug/Enhancement
- How will you differentiate between bug and defect?
Ans- A Bug can be defined as an error that occurred in the Code due to incorrect or incompatible Code. In contrast, a Defect can be defined as a missing or different functionality from the requirements mentioned.
- What is the difference between Bug leakage and Bug release?
Ans- A bug that should have been detected in the earlier or previous versions or builds causes bug leakage. It is an outcome of the late bug detection. Contrary to a Bug Release, which is caused when a specific version of an application is released along with a set of low Priority of low severity bugs already known.
- How does error differ from failure?
Ans- Error is a code defect that causes a deviation in the expected output and the actual output. Failure is still the incapability of a framework or component to perform the required role, as indicated by its specification.
- Define GUI testing in brief.
Ans- GUI stands for Graphical User Interface, so GUI testing is testing the Graphical User Interface of an application. It ensures that the UI is working as per the requirements.
- What is the difference between Priority and Severity?
Ans- Severity can be defined as a parameter that denotes the influence of a particular defect on the Software. It defines the intensity of the defect with which it is affecting the functionality. On the other hand, Priority can be defined as a parameter that concludes the procession in which defects will be acknowledged. It defines how quickly a defect demands to be fixed.
- When must a software testing terminate?
Ans- Software testing can terminate in the following scenarios:
- When the bug rate has decreased
- When the deadlines come about
- When you run out of funds
- When an agreed-upon level of test cases are safely conducted
- When the deadline of alpha or beta testing has arrived
- When Code, functionality, or requirements coverage have been met
- What are the skills required to become a good testing engineer?
Ans- A proficient Software testing engineer must possess the skills below:
- Must be a Problem-solver
- Must have excellent written and verbal communication
- Must pay attention to details
- Must be capable of working under pressure
- Must be a team player but can work solo equally strong
- Must own some Organizational skills
- Must have the related Technical skills
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